In the context of visual impairments, what does congenital refer to?

Congenital refers to conditions or characteristics that are present at birth. When discussing visual impairments, it specifically indicates that the vision issues have been present since the individual was born. This term encompasses a range of visual impairments that may arise from genetic factors, prenatal conditions, or developmental issues that occur during gestation. Understanding this concept is crucial for educators and specialists in developing appropriate interventions and support for individuals with such impairments from an early age.

The other options address different aspects of vision issues: the first focuses on problems that arise later in life, the third discusses temporary conditions, while the fourth implies a progressive improvement, none of which align with the idea of congenital impairments that are inherent from birth.